Young John W. Foster dies in the ACW

[David Tenner]

Young John W. Foster https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_W._Foster dies in the
American Civil War, thereby depriving the US of *two* future Secretaries of
State--himself and his grandson John Foster Dulles.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Foster_Dulles

And also of a Director of Central Intelligence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_Dulles and a Cardinal of the Roman
Cathollic Church... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avery_Dulles

[David Tenner]

Post by David Tenner
Young John W. Foster https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_W._Foster dies
in the American Civil War, thereby depriving the US of *two* future
Secretaries of State--himself and his grandson John Foster Dulles.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Foster_Dulles
And also of a Director of Central Intelligence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_Dulles and a Cardinal of the Roman
Cathollic Church... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avery_Dulles

Foster himself was only Secretary of State for six months, but that time
included the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy--an overthrow which Foster,
an ardent annexationist, very much favored. My first reaction was that the
absence of Foster would make little difference because Harrison himself was a
strong annexationist, and would simply find a different Secretary of State to
implement the same policies. However, "One writer arrives at a diametrically
opposed conclusion—that Harrison was reluctant to approve annexation and did
so only after the arrival of the treaty. George W. Baker, Jr., "Benjamin
Harrison and Hawaiian Annexation: A Reinterpretation," 295-309. On Foster's
role see Michael J. Devine, "John W. Foster and the Struggle for the
Annexation of Hawaii," 29-50. Devine believes that Foster took over direction
of American policy toward Hawaii during Harrison's "lame duck" period."
https://books.google.com/books?id=Pn8SDywYRssC&pg=PA237 (Unfortunately
neither Baker's nor Devine's article is available for free online.)

[Yeechang Lee]

However, "One writer arrives at a diametrically opposed
conclusion—that Harrison was reluctant to approve annexation and did
so only after the arrival of the treaty.

I don't think this matters. The coup was fact; the US, given that it
had not overthrown the monarchy, would not have been able to restore
it even were Washington inclined to do so. (The Banana Wars might be a
model for US interventionism, but they did not start until after the
Spanish-American War.) All this means is that no annexation treaty is
debated in the Senate, as opposed to Cleveland withdrawing the
treaty. Hawaii will still be annexed once its strategic value grows
after the Spanish-American War suddenly gives the US substantial
Asian and Pacific holdings.

[Don P]

Post by David Tenner
Young John W. Foster https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_W._Foster dies in the
American Civil War, thereby depriving the US of *two* future Secretaries of
State--himself and his grandson John Foster Dulles. . . .
And also of a Director of Central Intelligence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_Dulles and a Cardinal of the Roman
Catholic Church... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avery_Dulles>

The OP fails to observe that Jack N. Jones also died in the US Civil
War, thus depriving Americans of the organizer who would have ensured
Taft was re-elected president in 1912 (defeating Woodrow Wilson) and
thus taken the USA into the Great War much earlier than 1917 . . .
(showing what a waste of time is this sort of speculation.)